Fluid-pressure motor.



R. 0. JENNER. FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 27, 1908.

964,866. Patented July 19,1910.

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Fig. 1.

Z 4 1| nvcntor Attorneys R. G. JENNER.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR.27, 190s.

Patented July 19, 1910.

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11 nvemor Httomcgs UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BOY C. JEHNEB, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOB TO ARTHUR GEORGE LODEWYCK,

QF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

Specification of Letters remit.

Patented July 19, 1910.

Application filed April 27, 1908. Serial No. 429,329.

To all whom it me concern:

Be it known t at I, ROY C. JENNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Pressure Motors; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the in vention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it 'appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to fluid pressure motors, and consists .in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully set forth and pointed out particularly in the claims.

The object of the invention is to produce a double acting motor of the character described, of compact, simple, and comparatively inexpensive construction, wherein the arrangement is such as to accelerate the operation of the motor within the limits imposed by the pressure of the motive fluid; to provide for a comparatively unrestricted flow of the motive fluid in the operation of the motor, thereby increasing the efliciency of the motor, especially where a non-compressible motive fluid is employed, and 'to provide for condensing the structure into a comparatively small compass, thereby economizing both in the matter of material, and in the space occupied.

The above object is attained by the structure illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fi re 1 is an elevation of a motor embod mg this invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section in a horizontal plane, as on line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar view, showin the parts in a different position. Fig. 4 1s a central longitudinal section in a vertical plane, as on line 4-4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse section as on line 5-5 of Fig. 4. Fi 6 is a similar section as on line 6-6 of Flg. 4. Fig. 7 is a perspective View of the distributing valve.

Referrin to the characters of reference, 1 designates 51c cylinder having therein a suitable piston 2. Connected to one end of the cylinder and projecting horizontally there from is a valve chest or case 3, which is preferably cylindrical in form and within which the distributing valve 4 is located to reciprocate longitudinally. Secured to the piston and passing throu h the head of the cylinder is the piston r0 5 which extends longitudinally of the valve case and asses centrally through the distributing va ve 4, the projecting end of said rod being em braced by a suitable stufiing box 6. Formed in the web 7 cast integral'wlth the valve case is a port 8, which at one end communicates with the interior of the valve case near its longitudinal center, and at the other end communicates with a ort 9 formed in the wall of the cylinder, w ich communicates at 10 with the interior of the cylinder through one head thereof. .Also formed in the web 7 is a port 11 which communicates at one end with the interior of the valve case, and at the other end with the interior of the cylinder through the other head thereof. The inner wall of the valve case is provided with a plurality of annular channels indicated at 12, 13,14, 15, and 16. The ports 8 and 11 communicate directly with two of these channels 13 and 15 respectively. The valve 4, as clearly shown in Fig. 7, is provided with three circumferential channels 17, 18, and 19, leaving between said channels and at the ends the four bearing rings or annular hearing surfaces 20, 21, 22, and 23. The diameter of the valve through said rings is equal to the inner bore of the valve chamber so as to cause the valve to fit closely therein. The longitudinal aperture 24 extending through the valve that receives the piston rod is at the center of the valve counter-bored to form a space 25 of increased diameter surrounding the piston rod, as clearly shown. Conimunicatmg with said space is an aperture 25* formed through the bottom of the central channel of said valve. Formed centrally within the piston rod and extending longitudinally thereof for some distance is a passage wa 26 communicatin at its opposite ends with the ports 27 an 28 respectively which open through the periphery of said rod.

A coupling or attaching pipe 29 extends vertically from the valve case and is provided with a tapered aperture 30 therethrough (see Fig. 4) which communicates directly with the central annular channel 14 in the wall of the valve chamber and through which the motive fluid is introduced into the 'valve case. The width of the central chanunder pressure to enter the having an exhaust the left and the nel 18 in the valve issuch that said channel is always in communication with the source offluid under pressure irrespective of the movement of the valve.

Projecting laterally from the side of the valve-case is an exhaust hood or housin 31 chamber 32 therein mto which lead the exhaust ports 33 and 34 respectivel from the interior of the valve case, sai ports regis with the annular channels 12 and 16 in the wall of the valve chamber. I I

Mounted to reciprocate in the distributing valve is a duplex pilot valve consisting of the valve heads 35 and 36 respectively connected by a valve rod 37, said rod passing through and lying in the rings or flanges of the valve to reciprocate longitudinally, the apertures through the outer flanges 20 and 23" through which said rod passes being of increased area, as shown at 38 and 39, which apertures are adapted to be successively .opened and closed by the operation of the valves 35 and 36.

The reciprocatory travel of the distributing valve is adapted to alternately establish communication between the source of fluid under pressure and the passa es 8 and 11, and between said passages an the exhaust ports respectively, the arrangement being such as to render the operation of the motor entirely automatic, its operation commencing as soon as the pressure is turned on, and ceasing when the motive fluid is turned ofl".

The operation of the .device may be described as follows:With the distributing valve in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the intake port 30 will be in communication with the passage way 11 through the central channel 18 of the valve, thereby directing the fluid under pressure through said passage way and against the piston within the cylinder, causing said piston to move to piston rod to move longitudinally through said valve. When said piston shall have nearly reached the limit of its stroke in that direction, the travel of the piston rod will have been such as to cause the port 28 of the passage way 26 therein to communicate withthe central space 25 within the valve, which is at all'times in communication with the source of pressure; at the same time the port 27 at the opposite end of the passage way 26 will be. brought into communication with the chamber '40 at that end of the valve chamber, causing the fluid chamber 40 from which it will seek to escape through the port 39 in the flange 23 of the distributing valve.

fluid through the port 39. This movement.

of closing the valve 36 will through the connecting valve rod 37 carry the valve 35 from its seat and open the port-38 between the chamber 41 at the opposite end of the valve case and the channel 12 communicating with the exhaust port 34. The excess of pressure in chamber 40 upon the end of the valve 4 will then force said valve longitudinally to .the right, the fluid in chamber 41, as the area of said chamber is reduced b the movement of said valve, escaping t rough the port 38 and through the channel 19 of the valve into the exhaust port 34. When the valve 4 shall have reached the limit of its movement to the right, it will be arrested by the stop pin 42 projecting inwardly from the end of the valve case in chamber 41, as shown in Fig. 3, in which position the induct port will be made to communicate with the passage way 8 through the central channel 18 of the valve 4, and the passage way 11 will be made to communicate with the exhaust port 33 through the channel 17 of said valve, whereby the motive fluid will be directed against the piston to drive it to the right, and the motive fluid exhausted in the previous movement of the piston will be per-- mitted to escape from the cylinder through the port 11. As the piston is caused to travel back to the right through the action of the motive fluid entering the cylinder through the port 10, the piston rod will be moved longitudinally through the valve, and when said piston shall have nearly reached the limit of its return stroke, the port 27 in the piston rod will be brought into communication with the central chamber 25 within the valve and the port 28 in said piston rod will be carried into communication with the chamber 41, when the fluid from the source of pressure will be directed through the passage way 26 in the iston rod into said chamber 41 to shift sald valve in the opposite direction, first closing the valve 35 and by the movement of closing said valve opening the valve 36, when as the distributing valve 4 is moved to the left by the pressure in chamber 41, the expended fluid in chamber 40 will escape through the ports 39 and 33 by way of the channel 17 in said distributing valve. This movement of the distributing valve to the left, which is arrested at the limit of its movement by the stop pin 42 in chamber 40, will again place the intake port in communication with the passage way 11 through the channels 14 and 15- in the case, and the central channel '18 of the distributing valve, thereby admitting fluid under pressure into the cylinder through the passage way 11 to cause a return stroke of .the piston. This same movement of the distributing valve also places the passage way 8 in communication with the exhaust port 34 through the, channels 12 and 13 of the valve case, and the end channel 19 of said valve permitting the expended fluid in advance of the piston, to escape through the passage ways 9 and 8, as before described.

By this arrangement, it will be evident that the operation of the motor is made auto matic, the shifting of the distributing valve which changes the direction of travel of'the piston being controlled by the travel of the piston rod, throu h the medium of the ssage way in sai rod-through which liii id under pressure is'alternately directed into the chambers in the valve case at the opposite ends of said valve. By providing fora "free escape of the-expended fluid from at chambers 40 and 41 through the rts 38 and 39 controlled by the duplex pilot-valve, the shifting of the distributing valve is reatly accelerated.

By employing the c annels in the wall of the valve case in conjunction with the channeled distributing valve, increased area for the flow of fluid is provided through the channels-of the distributing valve, when said fluid is directed into the cylinder under pressure or when leaving the cylinder asexhaust, thereby enabling the highest possible pist'on movement to be obtained and correspondinglyincreasingthe efliciency of the motor.

The reciprocatory movement created by the travel of the piston in the cylinder may be converted into a rotary movement or otherwise employed, as for instance in the drivingof-a pump by a suitable connection with the outer end of the piston rod 5, not shown.

It will be noted that the travel of the piston rod through the distributing valve is always in the direction of the last movement of said valve when said valve is held against any further travel in that direction, thereby preventin the travel of the piston rod through t e valve disturbing said valve or inadvertently changing its osition.

Having thus fully set fort this invention,

what is claimed as new, 1s:-

1. In a fluid ressure motor, the combination of a cylin er having ports, a piston, a valve case having inlet and exhaust ports and passages communicatin with the ports of the cylinder, a slide va ve in the valve case having channels which establish communication between the inlet and the passa es in the valve case leading to the cylin er, and between said passages and the exhaust ports, .there being valve chambers at the ends of the valve case, the slide valve having end ports connecting said chambers with the exhaust rts respectively, and a pilot valve carried by the slide valve for controlling the ports in the ends thereof.

2. In a fluid ressure motor, the combination of a cylin er having ports, a piston, a valve case having inlet and exhaust ports and passages communicati with the ports of the cylinder, a slide va ve in the valve case having channels adapted to establish valve case havin sages in said case, the-ends-of the slide valve 'being. spaced from the ends of the valve case forming a chamber at each end of said valve said slide valve beingsprovided in its ends with ports connecting said chambers with the exhaust ports through the channelsof the valve, and a pilot valve carried by the slide valve for controlling the ports therein. 3. In a fluid resure motor, the combination of a cylindiar having ports, a piston, a valve case 1n axial alinement with said cylinder having inlet and exhaust passages communicating with the ports of the cylinder, a piston rod assing .from the cylinder I through said va ve case, a slide valve in the apertured ends, said valve case having pressure chambers at its Opposite ends with which the apertures in the ends of said valve communicate, valves for controlling said apertures; and means controlled by the travel of the piston for directing fluid under pressure successively into said chambers.

4. In a fluid pressure motor, the combination of a cylinder havi ports, -a valve case, a slide valve in the va ve case controlling said ports, the valve case having a chamber therein at each end of the slide valve into which said valve is movable, a reciprocatory iston rod having a passage way therein, an mtake port with which t e terminals only of said passage wa are made to successively communicate b the reciprocation alone of said piston ro the opposite end of said passage way at such time communicating with one of said chambers.

5. In a fluid ressure motor, the combination of a cylin er having ports, a piston, a valve case at the end of the cylinder having inlet andtexhaust ports and passa es communicating with the ports of the cy inder, a slide valve in the valve case having channels which establish communication between the inlet and the passages of the valve case leading to the cylinder, and between said passages and the exhaust ports, a piston rod from the cylinder passing through the valve case on which said valve is mounted, the a chamber at each end into which the slide valve is movable, said valve having a central recess always in communication with the source of fluid'under pressure, the piston rod having a channel extendin longitudinally thereof open only at its on 5 adapted to alternately communicate atits ends only with said recess in the valve, and with said chambers at the end of the valve case.

6. In a fluid pressure motor, the combinacommunication'between said and pastion of a cylinder having ports, a piston, a valve case having inlet and exhaust ports and passages communicating with the ports of the cylinder, a slide va ve in the valve case havingchannels which establish communication between the inlet and the passages of the valve case leading to the cylinder, and between said passages and the exhaust ports, a piston rod (passlng through the valve case on which sai valve is mounted, the valve case having a chamber at each end into whichthe slide valve is movable, said valve having a central recess always in communication with the source of fluid under pressure, means controlled by the travel of the piston rod for successively placln sald chambers in communication with sai central recess in the slide valve, the ends of the valves having ports communicating with said chambers and with the exhaust ports, and a duplex pilot valve mounted in the slide valve for controlling said ports.

7. In a fluid ressure motor, the combination of a cylin er having ports, a valve case communicating with the cylinder ports and having inlet and exhaust ports, a slide valve in the valve case for distributing the fluid under pressure with respect to said ports, said valve having a central recess in communication withthe inlet port, the valve case havin a valve chamber at each end, means for p acing said chambers successively in communication with said central recess in I the slide valve, said valve having ports through the ends thereof communicating with the exhaust ort and with said chambers, a valve rod idable in the distributing valve having pilot valves at its ends controlling said ports in the ends of the slide valve.

8. In a fluid ressure motor, the combination of a cylinrlbr having ports, a iston, a piston rod, a slide valve in axial a inement with the cylinder controlling the ports thereof, said valve mounted to slide upon the piston rod exterior to the cylinder, and

means for actuating said valve.

9. In a fluid ressure motor, the combination of a cylindier having ports, a iston, a piston rod, a valve for controlling t 1e ports of the cyllnder, said valve surrounding the plston rod exterior to the cylinder and mounted to slide thereon, and means for actuating said valve.

10. In a fluid ressure motor, the combination of a cylin er havin ports, a piston, a valve case at the end 0% the cylinder, a piston rod passing through said case a valve for controlling the ports of the cy inder, said valve surrounding the iston rod within said ease and mounted to s ide thereon, and means for actuating said valve controlled by the reciprocatory movement of the piston rod.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

ROY C. JENNER.

Witnesses:

E. S. WHEELER, I. G. HOWLE'I'I. 

